Four principal types: metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics. Illustrated from classical, medieval and modern philosophic systems.

Nature of artistic perception. Major theorists from Greece to modern period. Socio-economic influences from larger cultural settings. Place of artist in society.

Representative thinkers from the pre-Axial Age up to the modern period focusing on capacities for analysis and critical thinking.

Development of normative mental act in classical deductive and inductive forms, up to the syllogism. Relation of logical structure to effective communication.