Experiments done for the purpose of water quality control and assessment, such as the determination of alkalinity, acidity, water hardness, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and other important parameters. The laboratory is coordinated to go with the lecture material.

This course is designed to familiarize the students with important laboratory and field procedures and methods used in toxicological testing of environmental toxicants; and to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of major methodologies including acute, subacute, subchronic and chronic bioassays.

Emphasis is placed on field works designed to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of wetlands.